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Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. That this action will be greatly for the increase, maintenance and safety of our Navy, and especially of great shipping which is the strength of our Realm, and for the supportation of all those occupations that depend upon the same. Hence, religion is a careful strategy aimed at providing compassion and hope for the poor natives and the low-class English population while punishing the wicked through doctrinal or religious teachings. Hakluyt also encouraged the production of geographical and historical writings by others. April 8, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. Cultural & Economic Interactions Between Native Americans & Europeans, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Mapping the World, Seaborne Commerce & Piracy, Conquistadors and Encomienda System: Definition & Savaging of the New World, North American Exploration & Failed Colonies of France & England, New France, New Netherlands & New Sweden: North American Settlements, The Mayflower and the Plymouth Rock Settlement, The Puritans and the Founding of the New England Colonies, The Southern Colonies: Settlement and Growth, The Middle Colonies: New York, Delaware, New Jersey & Pennsylvania, Rise of the Slave Trade: Black History in Colonial America, The 13 Colonies: Developing Economy & Overseas Trade, British Colonies in Africa: History & Map, Richard Hakluyt: Biography & Significance, The Industrial Revolution & Enlightenment, Praxis World & U.S. History - Content Knowledge (5941): Practice & Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, CLEP History of the United States I - Early Colonization to 1877 Prep, High School US History Syllabus Resource & Lesson Plans, High School World History Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, The Second Triumvirate: Members & Overview, The Role of Kashmir in India-Pakistan Relations, The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Origins, Events & Consequences, Peace Negotiations, Diplomacy & the Indo-Pakistan Conflict, The 1982 Lebanon War: Origins, Events & Outcomes, The Social & Economic Impact of the Yugoslav Wars, Displacement of Refugees in the Middle Eastern Conflicts, Comparing and Contrasting Early American Presidents: Essay Prompts, Analyzing Important Documents in American History: Essay Prompts, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Proselytizing Protestant faith to Native Americans, Gaining access to natural resources of North America, Creating an opportunity for impoverished English people to find work in the colonies, Creating a new market in the colonies for goods produced in England. Was it the description of the place that made you wonder what it was like there? 1) Rich soil 2) ease of travel 3)Increase Navel Power (build more ships)-larger ships the better 4)make their Navy so strong Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London?died November 23, 1616, England), English geographer noted for his political influence, his voluminous writings, and his persistent promotion of Elizabethan overseas expansion, especially the colonization of North America. A Briefe declaration of the chief Islands in the Bay of Mexico being under the king of Spain, with their havens and forts, and what commodities they yeide. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Richard Hakluyt Richard Hakluyt was born in England in the mid-sixteenth century (1552-1616). (2021, April 8). [24] Helen Thornton has suggested that the translation was commissioned by Thomas Smythe who became treasurer of the Virginia Company in 1609 and was also Governor of the East India Company. Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London, Eng. That all other English trades are grown beggerly or dangerous, especially in all the king of Spain his Dominions, where our men are driven to fling their Bibles and prayer Books into the sea, and to forswear and renounce their religion and conscience and consequently their obedience to her Majestie. Hakluyt returned to London in 1588. Between 1598 and 1600 appeared the final, reconstructed and greatly enlarged edition of The Principal Navigations, Voiages, Traffiques and Discoueries of the English Nation in three volumes. Some of the gentlemen of her court wished to pursue opportunities to colonize, and Hakluyt wrote Discourse on Western Planting to encourage her to lend her support to men such as Sir Walter Raleigh. [14], Hakluyt was also a leading adventurer of the Charter of the Virginia Company of London as a director thereof in 1589. [10][19] In the following year, he was elected archdeacon of the Abbey. Richard Hakluyt lived during the Age of Exploration when opportunities were opening for European countries to explore unknown lands. This was The Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, which, by its scholarship and comprehensiveness, transcended all geographical literature to date; the first edition, in one volume, appeared in 1589. Hakluyt also saw a future for England in the creation of rich towns, and believed that travel across the ocean would come easily with speedy communication between England and her colonies. [10] In 1599, he became an adviser to the newly-founded East India Company, and in 1601 he edited a translation from the Portuguese of Antonio Galvo's The Discoveries of the World. For this reason, no map can be completely accurate, and in the early 1500s maps were often badly distorted. The Hakluyts believed that colonies were the answer to England's problems. English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View. Learn More. That this western discoverie will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the Princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound amongst whom her Majestie is principally. In this document, Hakluyt outlined particular points highlighting the benefits of colonization for the English people. A brief collection of certain reasons to induce her Majestie and the state to take in hand the western voyage and the planting there. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. Hakluyt's other works synthesized information providing maps and documents that allowed for many others to obtain vital information. Cecil, who was the principal Secretary of State to Elizabeth I and James I, rewarded him by installing him as prebendary of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster on 4 May 1602. The pension would have lapsed in 1583, but William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, intervened to have it extended until 1586 to aid Hakluyt's geographical research.[10]. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. The year was 1591 or 1592. Richard Hakluyt Makes the Case for English Colonization, 1584 | The IV of, It has been claimed that the Hakluyts were given "Eaton Hall" (Yatton?) Richard Hakluyt was born in 1552 and died in 1616. Grotius' arguments supported England's right to trade in the Indies. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. for only $11.00 $9.35/page. [10], While a Queen's Scholar at Westminster School, Hakluyt visited his guardian, whose conversation, illustrated by "certain bookes of cosmographie, an universall mappe, and the Bible," made Hakluyt resolve to "prosecute that knowledge, and kind of literature. pp. Between 1583 and 1588 he was chaplain and secretary to Sir Edward Stafford, English ambassador at the French court. But the queen's advisors pointed out . How does inter-European rivalry figures into this text? Besides, the occupation of key ports will enhance commercial activities since England will charge duties and control high-traffic regions. As Spain took the lead in colonization, a great competition began between European powers. Discourse of Western Planting | Encyclopedia.com Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. DOC Reasons for Colonization - Mr. Harris All rights reserved. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." Shortly before its completion, he was granted by the queen the next vacant prebend at Westminster so that he might be at hand to advise on colonial affairs. For instance, the English people think that their worst enemy is Spain. The outbreak of war with Spain put an end to the effectiveness of overseas propaganda and the opportunity for further exploration, so he began work on a project that he had had in mind for some time. His objective was to recommend the enterprise of establishing English plantations in the unsettled [by Europeans] region of North America, and thus gain the Queen's support for Raleigh's expedition. He is known for promoting the English colonization of North America through his works, notably Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America (1582) and The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589-1600). [32], The Hakluyt Society was founded in 1846 for printing rare and unpublished accounts of voyages and travels, and continues to publish volumes each year. on 27 June 1577,[5][10] began giving public lectures in geography. The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. The process transformed the diets, economies, and cultures of both continents. In accordance with the instructions of Secretary Francis Walsingham, he occupied himself chiefly in collecting information of the Spanish and French movements, and "making diligent inquirie of such things as might yield any light unto our westerne discoveries in America. In essence, he argues that both the economic and social ambitions of England can be pursued via religious strategies. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. In 1584 he wrote the promotional piece known as Discourse of Western Planting to urge a reluctant Queen Elizabeth I to support English colonies and to convince rich businessmen to invest in them. This implies that they are used to advance the ideals of the English population. Corrections? "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - ETTC - YUMPU English Geographer. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." [10] By the time of his death, he had amassed a small fortune out of his various emoluments and preferments, of which the last was the clergy house of Gedney, Lincolnshire, presented to him by his younger brother Oliver in 1612. Proponent for colonization in the Americas- tried to lobby Queen Elizabeth to support colonization. Instead, he stressed the importance of occupation, which was favourable to the English as they and not the Spanish had occupied Virginia. Author and geographer Richard Hakluyt decided to write about the Americas as encouragement for others to learn about them. He also published numerous geographical works describing North America and early English exploration of the New World. That the Spaniards have executed most outrageous and more than Turkish cruelties in all the west Indies, whereby they are everywhere there, become most odious unto them, who would join with us or any other most willingly to shake of their most intolerable yoke, and have begun to do it already in diverse places where they were Lords heretofore. 2.8: Primary Sources - Humanities LibreTexts That hereby the Revenues and customs of her Majestie both outwards and inwards shall mightely be enlarged by the toll, excises, and other duties which without oppression may be raised. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The private character of the memorial, which was not to be seen by the general eye, permitted Hakluyt to state freely the case for a colonial policy. Hakluyt dedicated to Cecil the second (1599) and third volumes (1600) of the expanded edition of Principal Navigations and also his edition of Galvo's Discoveries (1601). The Discourse on the Western Planting | work by Hakluyt 1. Sometimes reading about a foreign lands makes us yearn to know more about it. Exploration, American Beginnings: 1492-1690, Primary Resources in U.S Purchas procured some of Hakluyts manuscripts after his death and used them in Haklvytvs Posthumus; or, Pvrchas His Pilgrimes of 1625. Under the reference "Bib. He attempted to convince Elizabeth I, who was the Queen of England at the time, to fund colonizing efforts with a treatise entitled Discourse on Western Planting. Charter to Sir Walter Raleigh | Encyclopedia.com Hakluyt justifies the latter by claiming that colonization will limit the spread and expansion of the Spanish territory and subsequently jeopardize the interests of England. Hakluyt was born in a wealthy merchant family, his father was a skin and fur trader in 1552 in London. That the Queen of England title to all the west Indies, or at the least to as much as is from Florida to the Circle arctic, is more lawful and right then the Spaniards or any other Christian Princes. Richard Hakluyt, A Discourse Concerning Western Planting, Written in the Year 1584, Charles Deane, ed. IV ("The Literature of the Sea") of vol. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. professional specifically for you? Richard Hakluyt presented the work privately to the queen in 1584.