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in American Studies, the study of American history/society/culture. People in those regions, dependent on the whims of the weather, resorted to cultic rituals directed to specific gods in order to obtain moisture from the skies. 6.1 geography of early China. Flashcards | Quizlet By resurrecting past wrongs, people conjure up a cycle of violence. History does not show that people are naturally tolerant. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns. 2015. It has very diverse geographical features across the country, from many seas and mountains to deserts and tundra. So that we can be Even irreligious people are profoundly influenced by religious ideas, practices, and power. 1993. Geography, Space and the Sacred. In, Schwemer, Daniel. Geography does not only affect where particular religions or belief systems, such as the world's major faiths, are located but it can affect how specific beliefs are practiced and behaviors that it encourages. What are the effects of geography on language development? One way of thinking of religions within this framework is as separate silos massive vertical worlds unto themselves, which do not intersect with other religious traditions. The South Sea is south of Taiwan along the southeast coast of China. Agrarian religious culture is therefore naturally slow to change and associated with a longue-dure perspective (Grehan 2014, 16). Are We Born Into Our Religion? Religious extremists then draw on these passages to justify their use of force. Green, Alberto R. W. 2003. See Also: Geography, Religion, Gods, and Saints in the Eastern Mediterranean (Routledge, 2020). The most obvious change in political institutions was that the old feudal structure was replaced by systems of incipient bureaucracy under monarchy. Religious groups might even come to violence over past persecution, significant differences, or land disputes. The climate across the Himalayan Mountains also is not a uniform climate and changes with the monsoons. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. ), and Ming (1368-1644 C.E.). If religion is a whole way of life, many people simply cannot imagine that different religions could coexist peacefully. Also known as: Chung-hua, Chung-hua Jen-min Kung-ho-kuo, Chung-kuo, Peoples Republic of China, Zhongguo, Zhonghua, Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo, Emeritus Professor of Chinese, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Investigating this particular example offers a good case study for the usefulness of geography of religion as both a theory (geography shapes religions) and as a method (geographical contextualization allows us to see that religious traditions always are a product of both place and time). Hindu Deities | Who Are the Main Hindu Gods? Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. - Biography, Facts & Accomplishments, German Luftwaffe in WW2: Definition & Ranks, The Munich Conference of 1938: Definition & Overview, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. A geographer of religion attempts to understand how religious beliefs and practices affect people of a certain society and region. Due to such diverse regions within the Gobi Desert, the climate is also very diverse. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia, in the Indian subcontinent, and in China? The Storm-god in the Ancient Near East. Although the trade routes helped spread the Chinese culture with trade, Ancient China still did not allow foreigners into the region. Differences in the ecological and topographical features between hilly northern Mesopotamia and flat southern Mesopotamia are key to understanding different modes of thought concerning regional storm-gods. The history of China was also interrupted for over 4,000 years, making China the oldest civilization. The years from the 8th century bce to 221 bce witnessed the painful birth of a unified China. From small farming communities rose dynasties such as the Zhou (1046-256 B.C.E. A geographer might conclude that Yemen is likely to have very few converts from Islam to Christianity. This event reshaped global political geography, and China has since come to rank among the most influential countries in the world. China has many natural barriers that affected the country's development and created four distinct regions. However, until the Enlightenment, this distinction was rarely made. 1993. The phenomenon of local communities of Jews, Christians, and Muslims venerating Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir in the Eastern Mediterranean for at least the past 800 years is inextricable from the cultural and geographical contexts of the Eastern Mediterranean. These kinds of weather patterns and water resources distinctly have shaped Levantine religious notions and practices, as well. This goes beyond a persons individual habits to affect much bigger issues, such as how the government is run and what artistic and scientific advances are made. Moreover, because of the location of the Levant as the western arc of the Fertile Crescent in which regional agricultural practices were spread, agriculture long has been practiced in the Eastern Mediterranean, as well. Just because of one belief Adolf Hitler had, millions died. These terrains were dangerous for Armies to travel. She has been a classroom teacher for more than 16 years and currently works at an international baccalaureate middle school located in Houston, TX. For many in these collectivist societies, one's religion is determined by the culture and reinforced through family legacy. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Naturally, these factors also affect the development of religious notions: gods and narratives take on particular characteristics or serve particular purposes relevant to and reflective of certain geographical areas (and not reflective of other areas); motifs and metaphors are more meaningful in certain geographical areas than in others; and historical religious structures and the locations in which they are built are largely shaped by the landscapes out of which they are born. Supported by: How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia,in the Indian subcontinent and in China? Geography of Religion as A Theory: Geography Shapes Religion. Religion is a driving force in the lives of billions of people around the world. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. READ: East Asia (article) | Khan Academy 1 God in ___ persons.a. This influence exists in a religious culture for as long as geography can be said to be the most influential factor impacting everyday life. In his article, Haddad was the first to make the provocative but unsubstantiated claim that the cults of these georgic saints is a continuation, with variations, of the cults of the Baals of ancient Syria (Haddad 1969, 22), referring to the millennia-long regionally dominant figure of the Syro-Canaanite storm-god, Baal-Hadad, as well as to Baals regional syncretic manifestations. The Gobi Desert spans roughly 1,000 miles across central Asia and can be divided into five sub-regions: the Eastern Gobi Desert steppe, the Alashan plateau, the Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe, Dzungarian Basin semi-desert, and the Tian Shan range. All rights reserved. Jennie Ebeling --Department of Archaeology and Art History, University of Evansville, Copyright 2000-2023 The Bible and Interpretation| All Rights Reserved |The University of Arizona | Developed bySBS Tech The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part Two. In, Schwemer, Daniel. Think about the region you live in, and the characteristics of religion and its influences in your region, and write an essay of at least two pages that describes this. Even among the Han there are cultural and linguistic differences between regions; for example, the only point of linguistic commonality between two individuals from different parts of China may be the written Chinese language. Geography influences the development of the people who occupy given areas. Corrections? One major geographical feature of Ancient China is the Gobi Desert. 17 chapters | Much of Chinas cultural development has been accomplished with relatively little outside influence, the introduction of Buddhism from India constituting a major exception. Cultural messages can create tension, conflict and confusion within individuals when they run counter to religious beliefs and teachings, making it harder to integrate religion into their lives. How geography influences religion and religion affect culture? These two seas are also connected to each other by the Strait of Taiwan that runs along the small section of coastline between China and Taiwan. The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part Two. In Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 8, no. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. | 11 in the geography-religion interface. Since the 1960s, the field of Geography of Religion has evolved in various ways, but one of its more important contributions is the contextualization of religion that is evident in local, geographically oriented studies of religion (Stump 2008, 177; Knott 2010, 476-491). These then can be examined for evidence within them of contemporaneous religious, political, and geographical influences, helping to produce a picture of specific gods, religious figures, motifs, or metaphors that accounts for the intersections within them of time and place. Ancient Civilization: China - National Geographic Society This, in turn, helps us more precisely to analyze specific religious traditions and better explain particular complexities that otherwise would be inexplicable. How does geography play a role in the development and spread of religion? Why do you think that people ignore Jesus?explain your answer.2. Unlike the other early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley, ancient China was surrounded by natural barriers that kept them isolated from the western world. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. China, the largest of all Asian countries, occupies nearly the entire East Asian landmass and covers approximately one-fourteenth of the land area of Earth, making it almost as large as the whole of Europe. Indeed, despite the political and social upheavals that frequently have ravaged the country, China is unique among nations in its longevity and resilience as a discrete politico-cultural unit. How did geography affects religious events in West Asia - Brainly Another way in which we can see the effects of geography on religious narratives, figures, motifs, metaphors, and structures in this example, in the area of the Levant is through the notion of agrarian religion, first identified and coined by James Grehan in his 2014 book, Religious traditions are always a product of both time and place. In the river valley of the Yangtze River, which runs through the center of China, they experience all four seasons very distinctly. Despite similar characteristics between Baal-Hadad, Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir, and the fact that, for at least the past 800 years, local agricultural communities of Jews, Christians, Muslims, Druze, Alawites, and others have venerated and often conjoined these figures, outside of the Eastern Mediterranean, the linkages between these figures previously were unable to be seen. Despite similar characteristics between Baal-Hadad, Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir, and the fact that, for at least the past 800 years, local agricultural communities of Jews, Christians, Muslims, Druze, Alawites, and others have venerated and often conjoined these figures, outside of the Eastern Mediterranean, the linkages between these figures previously were unable to be seen. -Religion is powerfully motivating and torturing humans who fight for their beliefs. In China ownership of a map indicated sovereignty over the land it depicted. We need faith because we lack faith.c. For example, ISIS terrorists often invoked the Crusades, which ran from 1095 to 1271, in their campaign to establish an Islamic state in the 2010s. New York: Routledge. Those texts usually have been interpreted in tradition-specific ways that reinforce internal theological principals and religious identities and leave no natural reason, on the basis of their texts, to understand Baal-Hadad, Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir as anything other than discrete, unrelated figures from within their respective and separate religious communities. Science, Math & Metallurgy in Early India, Ancient China Lesson for Kids: Money & Economy, Religion in Ancient China: Lesson for Kids, Geography of Ancient India | Climate, Landforms & Rivers. Probably the single most identifiable characteristic of China to the people of the rest of the world is the size of its population. China's two river systems have also greatly influenced its history and culture. The East China Sea and the South China Sea border the east coast of China and extend into the Pacific Ocean. Even when the country was penetrated by such barbarian peoples as the Manchu, these groups soon became largely absorbed into the fabric of Han Chinese culture. Advertisement Expert-Verified Answer 273 people found it helpful Sildonia Answer INDIA The lush plains of the east and west became populated areas of India. Geography and Religion | Bible Interp - University of Arizona China's main tropical rainforest is found in the Hainan Province. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Religion is a way of life that unites a community. The geography of religion also takes account of the relationship between religion and ethnicity. For example take Canada its mainly made up of the protestant religion. Ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Indus Valley civilizations all developed near each other and could trade and influence one another. Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant. In Numen, 16, Fasc. Cultural diffusion can also happen through migration. Agrarian religion in the Levant consists of a fine attunement to the essentially agrarian conditions of everyday existence; as much urban as it was rural, it was the expression of an entire social and economic order whose rhythms were tied to the slow turnings of the seasons, and finely attuned to the vagaries of earth, sky, and environment (Grehan 2014, 140 and 16). The biggest advantage is that China was able to stay isolated from outsiders and was protected from any invaders.