Has the duration of your sunlight exposure increased recently? The rash may consist of small red bumps, larger red patches or even blisters. Exposure may be to sunlight or to an artificial or medical source of ultraviolet radiation.[3]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Majoie IML, van Weelden H, Sybesma IM, Coenraads PJ, Sigurdsson V. Polymorphous light eruption-like skin lesions in welders caused by ultraviolet C light. The clinical manifestations befall within a few hours to days from light exposure, last a few days, and subside in about a week without sequelae. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. Your health care provider may suggest phototherapy to prevent seasonal episodes of polymorphous light eruption if you have disabling symptoms. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. It is one of the most common sun-related skin problems and is most common among women and among people from northern climates who are not regularly exposed to the sun. Venosa, A. [2], Photoprovocation tests are usually not required but may be undertaken by specialised centres in winter. PLE can look similar to other rashes, such as the rash that occurs in people with lupus erythematosus. [5], Photosensitivity is also found in some of the porphyrias. Epub 2014 Mar 27. Polymorphous light eruption (PLE) is the commonest immuno-mediated photodermatosis. [4] It can, however, occur in all age groups and all skin types. To diagnose PLE, a doctor will ask questions about a persons symptoms, such as when they appear and what the rash feels like. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Rhodes LE, Bock M, Janssens AS, et al. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) is a form of photosensitivity, which usually occurs in younger females.It is more common in patients who receive only intermittent sun exposure and typically consists of crops of papules, vesicles or plaques.. Histology of polymorphic light eruption. [15], Other similar appearing conditions are solar urticaria, which has a shorter duration, the eczema-like condition, photosensitive dermatitis,[2] and photosensitivity drug reaction. Polymorphic light eruption is also known as polymorphous light eruption and prurigo aestivalis. In: Weedon's Skin Pathology. [11], PLE appears on areas of the skin newly exposed to sunlight such as the visible part of the neckline, backs of hands, arms and legs, and feet, but less commonly the face. Coming to a Cleveland Clinic location?Hillcrest Cancer Center check-in changesCole Eye entrance closingVisitation and COVID-19 information, Notice of Intelligent Business Solutions data eventLearn more. The hardening effect, where further exposure to UV prevents the eruption, is not fully understoodand could involve tanning, hyperkeratosis, and acanthosis of the epidermis, and/or the development of immunological tolerance. Polymorphic Light Eruption - Causes, Rash, Treatment - Health Jade Polymorphic light eruption tends to recur annuallyand is somepatients persists throughout the year, depending on latitude. Duteil L, Queille-Roussel C, Aladren S, Bustos X, Trullas C, Granger C, Krutmann J, Passeron T. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). Affected individuals may experience it every time they go outdoors, or only occasionally. 2014;32(3):315-viii. The rash doesnt cause scars. J Invest Dermatol. DermNet does not provide an online consultation service.If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. [3] The bumps may become small blistersor plaques and may appear bloody,[3]often healing with minimal scarring. Dermatology Made Easybook. PLE is considered as a delayed hypersensitivity response to newly UV induced, but still unidentified, antigen(s). Symptoms of polymorphic light eruption An itchy or burning rash appears within hours, or up to 2 to 3 days after exposure to sunlight. What is polymorphic light eruption? These changes are thought to restore the skins normal immunosuppressive response to UV light and hence reducing or resolving PMLE over time. Figure 3 This condition causes a red, itchy rash to form soon after youve been in the sun or exposed to artificial UV rays. PMLE is about four times more common in women than in men. Explain that UV-A is a large component of sunlight and can cause the light eruption without sunburn (as sunburn is mainly due to UV-B). Four times more common in women than men. Sun rash is a red, itchy rash that appears because of exposure to sunlight. A clinical diagnosis of polymorphic light eruption can be made based on a history of a pruritic eruption occurring following sun exposure and previous episodes in spring or summer. [16], In the United States, whilst one-quarter of people being investigated for a photosensitivity disorder were diagnosed with PLE, the prevalence in the general population is 10 to 15% and may even be as high as 40% as suggested in one study of more than 2000 people. Seasonal, occurring in spring and early summer and usually disappearing completely in winter. Polymorphic light eruption, Author(s): Dr Prudence Gramp, Dermatology Department, Gold Coast University Hospital, Australia. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. This content does not have an Arabic version. doi:10.1111/exd.12427. Last night I washed my face and removed eye makeup as usual, but didn't apply hyaluronic acid serum or eye cream. The problem takes many forms, though it often appears as a red, itchy rash on areas exposed to the sun, except for the face. People who live where sun exposure is uncommon. It may affect up to 15% of people worldwide. The rash usually appears as tiny, inflamed bumps or slightly raised patches of skin. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. 2003;207(1):93-5. doi: 10.1159/000070956. [22], Generally, PLE resolves without treatment; also, PLE irritations generally leave no scar. Polymorphic light eruption is particularly common in places where sun exposure is uncommon, such as Northern Europe, where it is said to affect 10-20% of women holidaying in the Mediterranean area 2 . But the severity often improves with time. As the name suggests, clinical features can vary poly meaning many, morphic meaning forms. Repeated, controlled exposure to natural or artificial UV light helps desensitize skin and prevents future rashes. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Treatment for burn blisters: Debride or leave intact? Make your tax-deductible gift and be a part of the cutting-edge research and care that's changing medicine. PMLE, on the other hand, is a photosensitivity, or the body responding to ultraviolet light. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2009.01.041. A 20-year-old woman with fair skin presents with intensely itchy small papules on the V-shaped neck area and dorsal aspects of her arms. Blood tests might also be used to rule out other conditions. Epub 2015 Jul 30. Mayo Clinic. The best way to address PMLE is to avoid direct sun during the strongest parts of the day, wear appropriate sunscreen, and wear clothing that covers your skin. and transmitted securely. Polymorphic light eruption - British Association of Dermatologists Polymorphic light eruption occurs in 18% of Europeans and does not show higher prevalence with increasing latitude: multicenter survey of 6,895 individuals residing from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia. It can be mildly to markedly pruritic and general malaise, headache, fever, and nausea can occur in rare cases. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event, (https://www.aocd.org/page/PolymorphousLightE), (https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/features/uv-radiation-safety/index.html), (https://dermnetnz.org/topics/polymorphic-light-eruption), (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polymorphic-light-eruption/), (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430886/). 2010;62(1):1501. Reactions to physical agents. Suitable investigations to determine the exclusion of cutaneous lupus erythematosus include full blood count; circulating antinuclear antibodies (ANA); extractable nuclear antigens (ENA); and direct immunofluorescence on histopathology. The exact cause of PMLE is unknown. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is an acquired disease and is the most common of the idiopathic photodermatoses. Accessed Nov. 12, 2021. 1987 Mar;88(3 Suppl):32s-38s. It also occurs in some patients treated for inflammatory skin diseases with phototherapy, when it may appear on the trunk and proximal limbs. 2015 Aug;173(2):519-26. doi: 10.1111/bjd.13930. People with the condition usually experience symptoms at the same time of year, often when the skin first becomes exposed to sunlight after being covered up during winter. Polymorphic light eruption is the most common form of immunologically mediated photosensitivity dermatoses. Ultraviolet light has two types: UVA and UVB. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. You should reapply every 2 hours. What websites do you recommend? Br J . The clinical presentation and the presence of massive dermal oedema can be helpful features. There is someevidence to support prophylactic short courses of oral steroids (for example, to prevent the eruption during a holiday break), hydroxychloroquine, and antioxidants such as Polypodium leucotomes extract, lycopene, beta-carotene, nicotinamide and astaxanthin. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. Last medically reviewed on November 23, 2022, An atypical skin reaction to sun exposure causes a sun rash. [6]. It most often (about 75% of cases) begins in females aged 20 to 40 years but may start in childhood or later in life. Anyone can have PMLE, but its more common for people with lighter color skin, particularly Fitzpatrick skin type 1. 1986;3(5):298302. Polymorphous Light Eruption - Medscape Sometimes, these papules appear in a dense formation, making the rash look similar to eczema or prickly heat. What to wear to protect your skin from the sun. UVB can damage your skin, but UVA penetrates deeper into your skins layers. 13th ed. Our expert physicians and surgeons provide a full range of dermatologic, reconstructive and aesthetic treatments options at Cleveland Clinic. Before However, positive antinuclear antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (anti-Ro/La) in low titre may be found, even in the absence of other criteria to suggest a diagnosis of lupus erythematosus. Gradual hardening is one form of treating PMLE. Itchy, non-scarring lesions of distinct morphology are typical on sun-exposed body parts. Willan House, 4 Fitzroy Square, London, W1T 5HQ | admin@bad.org.uk | +44 (0)020 7383 0266 2. [2], The rash is usually quite symmetrical and characteristic for each individual, appearing similar with each recurrence, but can look dissimilar in different people. Polymorphic Light Eruption - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf In the northern hemisphere, people who are prone to PLE often experience this condition in spring, when light levels begin to increase and people start wearing clothes for warmer weather. The most common morphology is smooth-topped erythematous papules, which can coalesce into plaques. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Eye. It causes small, raised bumps measuring around 25 millimeters across. 2nd picture. Accessed Dec. 9, 2021. However, positive antinuclear antibody and extractable nuclear antigen (anti-Ro/La) in low titer may be detected, even in the absence of other criteria to suggest a diagnosis of lupus erythematosus. When the condition first appears, the most common symptoms include: The rash will then appear on parts of the body that have had sun exposure, such as the: Some people also experience additional symptoms around 4 hours after sun exposure, such as: These additional symptoms typically last for only 12 hours. [5]. There arent any severe physical complications strongly associated with PMLE, but a severe case of the condition may lead to: If you have PMLE and you find that its affecting your well-being, a healthcare professional can advise you on appropriate strategies to manage these feelings. A PLE rash can look similar to other skin rashes, so it is important to get a diagnosis from a doctor. Gramp, P. (2022). This abnormal response to ultraviolet (UV) light means affected patients develop an inflammatory response to an endogenous photo-induced antigen. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) is a rash which comes on after being in strong sunlight. The condition is benign but recurrences are common leading to emotional distress and isolation. The rash may first appear in the spring and diminish as the spring and summer months progress.
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